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Question 5: Describe the mechanical properties of solids.

Answer

Mechanical Properties of solids

Mechanical properties of solids is the response a solid shows when an external force (stress) is applied to the solid. Mechanical properties describes the characteristics of solids such as their strength and resistance to deformation.

Mechanical properties of solids are briefly described below.

  1. Strength of the solid: Strength shows us how great an applied force the solid can withstand (i-e, resist) before breaking.
  2. Stiffness: Stiffness of a solid is its ability to resist bending.
  3. Hardness: Hardness of a solid means whether the material is easy to be scratched or indented (depressed).
  4. Brittleness: If a material breaks suddenly without an extension first, it is said to be brittle (easily breaking نازک).
  5. Toughness: A material that absorbs impact (or stress such as a hammer blow) is said to be tough.
  6. Plasticity: It is the property of the material which cannot regain its original shape when the applied force is removed.
  7. Elasticity: Elasticity is the ability of the material to regain its original shape after removing the applied force.
  8. Ductility: Ductility is a measure of how easily a solid can be worked; for example, bent, rolled or stretched. Gold is a good example of ductile (نرم) solids.

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