Question 5: How are the units of volt and electron volt related? How do they differ?

ANSWER

Relation between volt and energy (electron volt)

We know that the energy gained by the charge q when it goes up through a potential difference ΔV is,

Similarly, one electron volt is the amount of energy acquired or lost by an electron when it is displaced across two points between which the potential difference is 1 volt. Mathematically,

1 eV = Charge on electron × 1 V

1 eV = 1.602 × 10^-19C × 1V

Where 1.602 × 10^-19 is the charge on an electron.

This is the relation between volt and electron volt.

Difference

Volt is the unit of potential difference between two points in an electric field, whereas, electron volt is the unit of energy like joule (Remember eV is not the SI unit of energy).

Moreover, electric potential is the property of the field, i-e, how strong/weak it is, whereas electron volt is the property of the charge in the field, i-e, how large/small it is.