Menu Close

Question 3: A sinusoidal alternating voltage is of angular frequency ω is connected across a resistor R. Find mathematical expressions for instantaneous voltage, instantaneous current and average power dissipated per cycle of the applied voltage.

ANSWER

Consider a circuit in which a resistor R is connected across a source of sinusoidal voltage.
The instantaneous voltage across R is given by

Here                     Vm = peak or maximum voltage,                 ω = angular velocity

Similarly, the accompanied sinusoidal current is

Equations (i) and (ii) are expressions for instantaneous voltage and instantaneous current, respectively.

Both equations indicate the applied voltage and current are in phase with one another.

Power dissipation

The average power dissipated in resistor R is

Put the values from equations (i) and (ii)

Since Im and Vm are constants, therefore,

Now the equation can be written as

Here the rms values of voltage and current are substituted.

Power curve of a pure resistive circuit is shown below.

It shows the power is always positive except for the point when it touches the x-axis. At these points both current and voltage are also zero.

1 Comment

  1. Pingback:lq-ch-15-p12 – msa

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *