Question 8: What is equipotential line and equipotential surfaces?

ANSWER

Equipotential lines Equipotential lines in an electric field are those lines which pass through those points where the potential has constant value (or same). For a single isolated point charge, equipotential lines are concentric circles with the point charge as their center. This can be imagined from the fact that the potential V depends directly upon charge Q and indirectly upon the radial distance from the center of charge. On the circular lines, the distance of each point is same from the center where the charge is kept. Therefore, all points on the circle have same potential.

Equipotential surfaces

All those points on a surface which have the same electric potential in the electric field form an equipotential surface. Equipotential surfaces are concentric spheres around a point charge with their centers at the point charge.